• US sanctions shut Iranian airlines out of much of the world's airspace.
• International carriers avoid Iran, forcing travellers to take costly land routes.
• Iranian airlines lose access to airspace, fuel, and services.
• Thousands of jobs at risk across aviation sector and related industries.

The US sanctions may indicate a significant escalation in pressure on Iran, which could have long-lasting consequences for the country's aviation industry and economy. The measures may also suggest a shift in the US approach to sanctions, targeting not only Iranian airlines but also international carriers and companies that provide services to them, which could have broader implications for global aviation and trade.