• The US and its allies should improve preparations for a limited nuclear attack in East Asia.
• North Korea is likely to employ nuclear weapons for a limited nuclear attack if losing a conflict.
• The US and its allies must be prepared to continue fighting and win despite a nuclear attack.
• Limited nuclear attack poses unique challenges for deterrence and response.

The growing nuclear threat in East Asia may indicate a shift in the region's security landscape, suggesting that the US and its allies must adapt their strategies to deter and respond to limited nuclear attacks. This could involve developing new capabilities and improving resilience, which may enhance their competitive position against nuclear-armed adversaries.