• Russian airlines may retire SSJ-100s without government support for PD-8 conversions.
• Converting an SSJ-100 to PD-8 power costs 2.1-2.3 billion rubles per aircraft.
• Up to 100 SSJ-100s may require engine replacement due to service-life limitations.
• Russia aims to transition to domestically produced SJ-100 and MS-21 aircraft.

Russia's civil aviation industry may struggle to maintain its existing fleet, which could indicate a shift towards domestic production and import substitution. The high cost of re-engining SSJ-100s suggests that the industry may face significant financial challenges, which could impact the country's ability to establish a sustainable civil-aviation manufacturing system.