Key Takeaways

  • The US relies heavily on GPS for positioning, navigation, and timing.
  • GPS signals can be easily disrupted or denied by adversaries.
  • A layered approach by China using terrestrial and fiber-based assets provides a PNT architecture that does not rely on space alone.

Strategic Implications

If Beijing escalates toward armed conflict or sustained gray zone coercion, the US dependence on GPS could undermine deterrence and complicate intervention decisions. A more resilient system-of-systems approach to PNT is needed, assuming disruption and deception as baseline conditions in a Taiwan contingency.