• The US and India are facing a shortage of munitions, including artillery shells and propellants.
• Both countries are investing in new production facilities and partnerships.
• The US and India should jointly invest in energetic material production and share governance and quality standards.
• India could serve as a surge capacity hub for high-volume ammunition production.
• Maintaining idle surge lines and holding costly chemical stocks is crucial in wartime.
• Both governments should invest in full-spectrum supply chain mapping to avoid being blindsided by Chinese dependencies in a crisis.

This cooperation may signal a shift in the global munitions landscape, with the US and India emerging as key non-Chinese suppliers. The partnership could strengthen deterrence and resilience, but its success depends on the ability to overcome supply chain dependencies and ensure timely production. The US-India alliance may also set a precedent for other countries to follow, potentially leading to a more multipolar global munitions market.